entrepreneur

Open Access Article

1 - The Investigation of Effect of Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy on Strengthening Entrepreneurial Intention of Students (Case Study: Students of Payam-e noor University, Bijar city)
Mehran Foladi Hamzeh Baghani

Studies show that the trend of entrepreneurship and topics related to it has been increased dramatically in recent years. Among the raised issues in entrepreneurship, the entrepreneurship intention can be referred as the most important predictor of entrepreneurial activ More

Studies show that the trend of entrepreneurship and topics related to it has been increased dramatically in recent years. Among the raised issues in entrepreneurship, the entrepreneurship intention can be referred as the most important predictor of entrepreneurial activities in the society. Entrepreneurial intention is one of the important variables in the annual study of Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. Therefore, studying the factors which affect on the intention and strengthening can increase the entrepreneurship intention in the society. Among these factors, entrepreneurial self-efficacy is expressed as one of the most important factors which influences the intention. Self-efficacy has six major indicators, based on which it is measured. In the present study, only two variables of "subjective possibility" (self-efficacy) and "entrepreneurial intention" of Liban’s model have been studied. This study is practical in terms of entrepreneurship intention and regarding data collection method has a descriptive survey type. The sample population of the present study includes all students of Payam Noor University, Bijar city. The results show that those two indicators have a positive and significant impact on entrepreneurial intention. Also among the indicators, the skills of identifying market opportunities and new product development and skill of recognizing the main target contributes more in term of the prediction of entrepreneurial intention. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Effects of the Knowledge-Based Economy on the Science and Technology Corridors
Rohollah Shahnazi Homa Mouazen Neumatollah Akbari

knowledge-based economy based on acquisition, production, distribution and utilization of knowledge in all economic activities. In this economy the need for innovative companies are very obvious because these companies are the main source of wealth and employment in the More

knowledge-based economy based on acquisition, production, distribution and utilization of knowledge in all economic activities. In this economy the need for innovative companies are very obvious because these companies are the main source of wealth and employment in the knowledge-based economy. Knowledge-based economy is the current need for all countries in the world. In this regard, one of the strategies for a successful experience of developed countries based on knowledge-based economy has led to the formation and development of the science and technology corridors. Science and technology corridor is the coordinated and coherent set of universities, science and technology parks, research centers and in a geographic region with a centralized management structure and the particular legal for knowledge based products and services. In this paper, the requirements for the formation of the science and technology corridors will be discussed. The main components of science and technology corridors are: national innovation system, science and technology parks, universities and research centers, venture capital and entrepreneurship, human capital, special infrastructure, market, high technology firms and proximity to urban areas. As long as the country does not acquire these requirements, access to science and technology corridor and the knowledge economy would be impossible. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Investigation about Financing in Entrepreneurial Projects
Hassanali Aghajani Mohsen Abbasgholi pour Mohadesse Fahimi Rad

Entrepreneurship is the stimulus engine of economic development, creating occupation and reforming society. Entrepreneurship is a process to create an employment and make profit from valuable combination of sources. Entrepreneur is a person who commits to run and accept More

Entrepreneurship is the stimulus engine of economic development, creating occupation and reforming society. Entrepreneurship is a process to create an employment and make profit from valuable combination of sources. Entrepreneur is a person who commits to run and accepts the risks of economic activity. Entrepreneurs undertake an important role in the movement of economic development cycles and are considered as the source of huge breakthroughs in industrial, productive and service fields throughout organizations. Financing is, therefore, one of the most important challenges or business obstacles faced by entrepreneurs. The purpose of this research is to study the quadruplet methods of financing entrepreneurial projects in Mazandaran province. Statistical society consists of 141 entrepreneurs with 110 persons selected as a sample. Then by collecting the required data and using a questionnaire with standard components and reliability coefficient of 79%, the quadruplet hypotheses have been tested. The findings have shown that all four methods of financial supply have been considered by the entrepreneurs, each of them with their special intensity and weakness. From this point of view the personal capital has been in the first priority and the methods of loan, shares, and internal sources in the subsequent priorities. In addition, the entrepreneurs studied have less knowledge of the different and various methods of financial supply and have considered only the methods that have been common in our society and use all of them generally. Finally it has been concluded that it is necessary to carry out some innovations in this respect and other methods of financial methods should be applied. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - A survey of Relationship between Organizational Intelligence and Entrepreneurship in Manufacturing Companies of Gilan Province
Hamidereza Alipour Effat Marzban Moghadam

A survey of relationship between organizational intelligence and entrepreneurship in manufacturing companies of Gilan province is the purpose of this research. Entrepreneurship is a process which leads to creating satisfaction or new demand consisting of the process of More

A survey of relationship between organizational intelligence and entrepreneurship in manufacturing companies of Gilan province is the purpose of this research. Entrepreneurship is a process which leads to creating satisfaction or new demand consisting of the process of value creation from composing of a unique collection of resources in order to take advantage of the opportunities. According to importance of the subject and purpose of the research, this investigation is a description of correlation. Statistical community research contains managers of manufacturing companies of Gilan province, which in 1391, 119 people were chosen among 207 managers of manufacturing companies by random sampling method. For data collection, Albrkht organizational intelligence questionnaires and Robbins entrepreneurship were utilized. After confirmation of validity assessment of the questionnaires through final and content methods, by Grunbakh alpha (a=0.87), the obtained information was analyzed with descriptive statistical calculations and inferential statistics (pearson's correlation coefficient). The results collected demonstrate that there is a meaningful relationship between all components of organizational intelligence (strategic insight, shared fate, willingness to change, assertiveness and courage, alliance and agreement, application of knowledge and push performance) and entrepreneurship components (creativity, risk disclosure, independence, impulse, determination and will power and belief in sacred things). It seems that for manufacturing development, companies should create interaction between labors as organizational intelligence capital and smart tools in addition to upgrading intelligent manufacturing tools as well as noticing to technology. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Factors Affecting Women Entrepreneurship in Business
Ayatollah Momayezz Seyed Atefe Ghasemi Seyed fatemeh Ghasemi

Entrepreneurship is one of the fundamental measures of development in each country, thus, it is considered as the engine of economic development in countries. Experiences of countries enjoying high growth of gross domestic income (GDI) indicate that leaders and managers More

Entrepreneurship is one of the fundamental measures of development in each country, thus, it is considered as the engine of economic development in countries. Experiences of countries enjoying high growth of gross domestic income (GDI) indicate that leaders and managers in these countries have realized the importance of entrepreneurship in countries development. Since women represent a large part of the population, entrepreneurship of this segment of society has a particular importance. Therefore, the measurement of women's participation in production is one of the important indicators to evaluate the progress of development in each country. Statistics shows that less than 10 percent of Iranian entrepreneurs are women. The aim of this study was to investigate factors that play a role in the development of women entrepreneurship. The research was based on questionnaire and interview and to ensure the reliability, the questionnaire was tested using Cronbach's alpha being valued for validity by views of scholars and professors. Statistical tests were utilized for data analysis and presentation. The results show despite holding dual roles of working women, they have positive feelings towards their activities. At the end recommendations and suggestion for the development of women's entrepreneurial activities are discussed in order to manifest the most important cultural change in society's attitude towards women's empowerment in economic activities. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - An Approach to Improve the Management of Knowledge-Based Firms
Hosein Fakhari Davood Salmani

Knowledge based firms (KBF) play essential role in technology development, economic prosperity and job creation. The formation of these firms depends on practical ideas of entrepreneur engineers. But most of these entrepreneurs are young graduates who may not have the l More

Knowledge based firms (KBF) play essential role in technology development, economic prosperity and job creation. The formation of these firms depends on practical ideas of entrepreneur engineers. But most of these entrepreneurs are young graduates who may not have the leadership skills and knowledge required for leading new firms. In KBF engineers design and build things that meet the needs of customers, beneficiaries and ultimately the society. These tasks can only be accomplished by the concerted action of many people aligned and rallied by effective leadership. On the other hand, when faced with many problems in KBF’s initial years, however, many of these firms fail to sustain themselves and fall in to bankruptcy with a high rate and one of the most important factors of these failures is leadership. In this study, based on the engineering approach, a special attention has been paid to the leadership. In this approach, technical abilities and leadership, describe principles of "engineering leadership". By this method, KBF can achieve their targets through the proper rout. On the base of "engineering leadership" approach, this study shows leadership skill training plays a main role in the success of KBF. In addition, this paper suggests to KBF managers a contingency sight to select the best leadership method and proper organization structure based on teamwork for KBF success. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - The Role of Culture in Entrepreneurial Alertness in Iran Based on GEM Data
Ehsan Mehraban Sabina Nobary

Investigating this question that why entrepreneurial indexes in Iran have got no desirable place in relation to other similar countries and also pondering culture as a very important parameter in the formation of entrepreneurs behavior has resulted in this new question More

Investigating this question that why entrepreneurial indexes in Iran have got no desirable place in relation to other similar countries and also pondering culture as a very important parameter in the formation of entrepreneurs behavior has resulted in this new question that how culture could affect the entrepreneurship in that country. Entrepreneurial Alertness as a critical index in the entrepreneurship means that discovering new opportunities is also discussed as the chosen parameter of entrepreneurship and its relation to culture is analyzed. To study Iranian culture we use credible Hofstede method which enables us to compare cultures of many countries by its four dimensions: power distance, masculinity, individuality and uncertainty avoidance; we also use GEM reports that are related to the entrepreneurship condition in Iran in contrast to other world countries. By investigating the culture based on Hofstede Model of different countries in addition to entrepreneurship alertness and comparison with Iran indexes reported, we may conclude that cultural changes happened on the basis of dimensions of Hofstede as described before against the entrepreneurship indexes such as perceived opportunities in the years of study taken in Iran, i.e. these dimensions have been changed in a way that is not pro to entrepreneurial alertness increase, So that loss of risk taking and also increase of power distance as two dimensions of Hofstede model may decrease the entrepreneurship alertness which results in a total mitigation of entrepreneurship growth. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Iran in Comparison with other Outlook Countries in the Field of Entrepreneurial Growth
Saeed KiyanPour

Entrepreneurship is one of the most important and necessary strategies in developing and developed countries. But, the truth is that one of the fundamental steps for the development of entrepreneurship is its assessment. Entrepreneurship evaluation should be done based More

Entrepreneurship is one of the most important and necessary strategies in developing and developed countries. But, the truth is that one of the fundamental steps for the development of entrepreneurship is its assessment. Entrepreneurship evaluation should be done based on indexes and global standards so that not only provides a clear picture to the status of entrepreneurship at the national level, But also, provides the possibility of measuring and comparing to the other countries in the field of entrepreneurship development. More than 95percent of the world GDP formed by the Members of GEM. GEM Programs are evaluated based on three indicators: "perceptions and entrepreneurial tendencies," "entrepreneurial activities" and "entrepreneurial passion". Among the 67 countries, Iran is ranked 30th based on Toddler entrepreneurs’ index equals to 11 percent. This index has increasing trend in the past five years, and its value is much greater than the other countries in Middle East. Also the Index of Entrepreneurial Intent in Iran equals to 28/22%, and our country is in 35th place among 67 countries. The Opportunity-oriented entrepreneurship index has grown among other entrepreneurial activity index, (from 5.67% in 1390 to 6.24% in 1391). This means that mandatory Entrepreneurship has decreased. Also the understanding of entrepreneurial opportunities index has increased from 32% in 1390 to 39/2% in 1391. Finally, for fear index of failure, Iran is in 39th place among 67 countries that shows the Iranian low-risk tendency for starting a business. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Challenges and recommendations (guidelines) in the conceptual development of entrepreneurship
Seyed mehdi Alvani hasan boudlaie Mona Gharib Gorgani

Anecdotes and strong empirical evidence of the importance of entrepreneurship as a field of study are available. Entrepreneurs, by creating new technologies and new services, upgrade their quality of life, increase productivity, provide more entertainment, health improv More

Anecdotes and strong empirical evidence of the importance of entrepreneurship as a field of study are available. Entrepreneurs, by creating new technologies and new services, upgrade their quality of life, increase productivity, provide more entertainment, health improvement and promotion of communication. The knowledge which is known as the science of entrepreneurship is finding it difficult and sometimes its usefulness makes it suspicious. In fact, despite the passage of more than three decades, the discipline of entrepreneurship still remains over its legitimacy and acceptance. Among such challenges can be: the challenge of defining the phenomenon of entrepreneurship, the subject and scope of the research, scientific nature of entrepreneurship: the trends of single or interdisciplinary and, debate about the methodology, as the major challenges in recent decades. Now several decades after the birth of entrepreneurship, the need to confront with and meet the challenges of entrepreneurship is necessary to redefine it and meet its challenges more realistically. In this paper, an overview of the challenges to the emerging field of science and major efforts to meet its future are presented. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Identifying the Effective Factors of Fast-Growth Companies: The Case of “Behestan Daru” Co..
Hojatollah Moradi pour Hamid Hoseinloo

The objective of this paper is to identify the factors affecting the fast-growing companies. Based on the conceptual framework and literature review, this paper reviews four dimensions identified as the main factors of fast-growing companies. They comprise leaders’ char More

The objective of this paper is to identify the factors affecting the fast-growing companies. Based on the conceptual framework and literature review, this paper reviews four dimensions identified as the main factors of fast-growing companies. They comprise leaders’ characteristics, opportunity awareness, innovation and human capital. A questionnaire is used to collect data. The sample frame that will be used for the research will be the managers and employees with minimum six years of experience in the Behestan Daru Company. The techniques of the study were employed to analyze the data including Student's T test; analyzing Correlation and Friedman rank test. The results of this paper show that the above four dimensions have positive and significant effects on the fast-growing company. Furthermore, from the managers’ viewpoints, the factors are ranked according to their relative importance as follows: leaders’ characteristics, human capital, opportunity recognition and innovation while from the employees’ viewpoint they are ranked in the following order: leaders’ characteristics, opportunity awareness, human capital and innovation. Thus each of these sub-branches of the factors that can also be important from the perspective of their managers and experts are outlined as: Production and delivering new products, creative entrepreneurs, people with characteristics fitting the job description, an assessment of managers and staff periodically, circumstances, environment, management's ability to perceive entrepreneurial opportunities, identifying the potentials, experience in the organization, and entrepreneurial experience. In this study the conceptual framework of indicators that is another indicator of the interviewed managers and the experts was asked including communication, age, empowerment and financial capacities, organizational cultures, which are all influencing the fast growth. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Corporate Entrepreneurship; a Solution for Commercialization of Technological Research Findings in Research and Technology Organizations (RTOs)
Reza Bandarian

RTOs' missions are for technology development and carry out complicated commercialization processes. Commercialization of technological research findings is so costly for RTOs that they can not carry out commercialization process by themselves. In the other hand, indust More

RTOs' missions are for technology development and carry out complicated commercialization processes. Commercialization of technological research findings is so costly for RTOs that they can not carry out commercialization process by themselves. In the other hand, industries which are in competitive environment, for sustainable growth require superior new products and technologies which enable them in competitive scope. Industries often have frequent financial and human resources and this leads to their advantage to commercialization process, because those assets provide possibility for adapting huge risk. The lost ring in this chain is the link between RTOs as the developer of technology and industries as the adapter of technology. Entrepreneurship could solve this problem by providing this lost ring and linking RTOs and industries. Corporate entrepreneurship is one of the entrepreneurship types and is defined as some entrepreneurship among the available corporate companies. Entrepreneurship looks for introducing new products and organizational systems in the scope of corporate. Entrepreneurship has five different kinds and each of them carries out entrepreneurship in its own style. Among these, Acquisitive and Opportunistic entrepreneurship have the highest fitness to enrich and enhance coexisting relation between industries and RTOs to commercialize technological findings. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - Definition of University Spin-off Companies; Importance and Typology
Bahman Facoor

Creation of university spin-off companies as an academically entrepreneurship activity can be considered as a growing mechanism for university technology transfer. In comparison with technology licensing, Spin-off companies create higher financial return for owners of t More

Creation of university spin-off companies as an academically entrepreneurship activity can be considered as a growing mechanism for university technology transfer. In comparison with technology licensing, Spin-off companies create higher financial return for owners of technology and will play an important role to regional and national economic development. This paper is to define university spin-offs in more detail and make clear the importance of these companies. University authorities‌ are interested in these companies, but need to know about different types of these companies for establishment and management university spin-offs. So, in this paper we have also tried to submit a comprehensive categorization of university spin-offs. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - Modeling an Urban Incubator for Tehran City
Mehdi Kanuani

One of the major priorities of each big citys developing plan is to support & promote SMEs through Incubators. This policy has played a key role in innovation, entrepreneurship & economical growth. Entrepreneurs play as a growth motor for the economics of the cities. So More

One of the major priorities of each big citys developing plan is to support & promote SMEs through Incubators. This policy has played a key role in innovation, entrepreneurship & economical growth. Entrepreneurs play as a growth motor for the economics of the cities. So in most countries, various laws & facilities have been developed for supporting them. In our country, the capital city “Tehran” is the largest city in the country and developing an Urban Incubator in Tehran will play the role of a pilot plan for the other cities. Then this article by analyzing available trends and models in other cities, intends to make a model for supporting SMEs in Tehran city by Urban Incubators and its infrastructure and sub-structures. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - The Study of the Affecting Factors of Knowledge Based Firms’ Growth and Success
Mahdieh Tari Mahmod Moradi Mostafa Ebrahim pour Azbary

10.7508/jstpi.2016.01.005

Nowadays, according to development of academic research in the field of high technologies, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) play a pivotal role in stimulating entrepreneurial growth and economic prosperity. So it is necessary to answer the question that what factors More

Nowadays, according to development of academic research in the field of high technologies, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) play a pivotal role in stimulating entrepreneurial growth and economic prosperity. So it is necessary to answer the question that what factors causes this firms growth and success. The main purpose of this study is identifying the affecting factors of knowledge based firms growth and success by use of qualitative study. In terms of purpose, this study is practical and the analytical methodology was used. For this purpose semi-structured interview by using thematic analyzing is conducted. Experts whom interviewed are 20 executive managers of top and successful knowledge based firms located in Isfahan Science and Technology Town (ISTT) (Sheikh Bahai) in the last three years. The review of literature, and the results of interviews showed 3main themes that classify the affecting factors of knowledge based firms growth and success to 3 levels: individual, organizational and environmental. Based on the results, it seems that government and environmental conditions play a more important role in providing appropriate context for knowledge based firms’ growth and success. According to the interviews, view government and environmental conditions has main role in success and durability of knowledge based firms and spin-offs. Finally, based on the results, referring to existing shortcomings in the field of this firm’s activity and the main emphases of the experts, the necessary considerations for effective factors reinforcement has provided. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - A Study of the Relationship between Entrepreneurial Tendency and Organizational Performance (Case Study: Islamic Research Institute for Culture and Thought
Mojtaba Nahid ali davari Firouzeh Sajednia

10.7508/jstpi.2017.01.003

20.1001.1.17355486.1395.13.49.5.5

One of the most important concerns which have coerced organizations to illustrate tendency toward entrepreneurial activities is survival and growth. This is, thus, to assert that time is ripe for investigating the relationships between entrepreneurial behavior and perfo More

One of the most important concerns which have coerced organizations to illustrate tendency toward entrepreneurial activities is survival and growth. This is, thus, to assert that time is ripe for investigating the relationships between entrepreneurial behavior and performance. This study is aimed at investigating the relationship between entrepreneurial orientations and organizational performance of the Islamic Research Institute for Culture and Thought in 2013. To do so, descriptive and correlative research methodologies were used to examine the relationships among these variables. Statistical population of this study contains a number of university staffs at different managerial levels, members of Faculty Board, and experts, who are estimated to constitute 110 persons from the total number of 320. Pearson correlation and multivariable regression methods were used to analyze data. Moreover, Structural Equation Model (SEM) was employed to affirm the model. Results show that there is a positive and direct relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and organizational performance. In addition, there is indirect relationship among innovation, leadership, risk-taking, and aggressive competition as aspects of entrepreneurial orientation, on the one hand, and organizational performance, on the other. However, there was no relationship between independence and organizational performance. Therefore, development of attitude and attention to entrepreneurial orientation in an organization can be effective in elevating organizational performance. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - Identify Indicators for Evaluating the Performance of Corporate Entrepreneurship
Saeed Safari Reza Abbasi Mozhgan Soltani Aliabad

10.7508/jstpi.2016.02.008

Today, in different countries, paying particular attention to entrepreneurship and foster entrepreneurship, and create a favorable environment for its development, Considered to be as a particularly tool for economic development in developing countries. The need of orga More

Today, in different countries, paying particular attention to entrepreneurship and foster entrepreneurship, and create a favorable environment for its development, Considered to be as a particularly tool for economic development in developing countries. The need of organizations to the phenomenon of entrepreneurship has been led to the creation of a certain territory of this concept that is called organizational entrepreneurship. As far as organizational entrepreneurship are transformed to one of the strategic approaches in organizations, to achieve high performance and great success. Choose this approach is effective for organizations when we can evaluate the results and provide organizational goals with proper management. So, having appropriate indicators to be used for the assessment of organizational entrepreneurship is very important. Therefore, this study seeks to identify appropriate indicators to evaluate the performance organizational entrepreneurship. For this purpose, after reviewing research literature, were extracted performance evaluation indicators, and with the help of the framework of EFQM Excellence Model, were classified in 9 categories. After refining the extracted indicators and removal of repetitive indicators, the 63 index that had remained, to determining the most important indicators, was placed in the hands of experts in the format of a questionnaire and Finally, by analyzing data obtained, were identified appropriate indicators to evaluate the performance. Results of present study, presented 29 indicators in nine criteria of: Leadership, Strategy, Employee, Partnerships and Resources, Processes, Products and Services, Customer Results, Employee Results, Society Results and Key Results; as the appropriate indicators to evaluating the performance of organizational entrepreneurship. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

17 - Designing a Conceptual Model of Entrepreneurial Competencies of Entrepreneurial Universities’ Graduates
Mahtab Pouratashi Morteza Parhizkar

10.7508/jstpi.2017.03.004

20.1001.1.17355486.1396.13.51.1.9

Nowadays, entrepreneurship and the related issues receive special attention in higher education. It is expected that after few years of study at university, the graduates have significant difference with people with no academic learning experience. Since it is essential More

Nowadays, entrepreneurship and the related issues receive special attention in higher education. It is expected that after few years of study at university, the graduates have significant difference with people with no academic learning experience. Since it is essential to develop entrepreneurial competencies for leading people toward entrepreneurship, it is necessary to recognize and assess entrepreneurial competencies of entrepreneurial universities’ graduates. Accordingly, the aim of this study is to design a conceptual model of entrepreneurial competencies of entrepreneurial universities’ graduates. Entrepreneurial competencies can be studied on the basis of the following cases: components of entrepreneurial competencies, antecedents of entrepreneurial competencies, and outcome of entrepreneurial competencies. According to the results, entrepreneurial competencies are classified in six clusters including: personal and cognitive competence, communication competency, leadership and teamwork competencies, business creation and management competence, economic and marketing competence, and research competence. The mission of university as antecedents to competencies was categorized in three groups including: education, research, and support. Entrepreneurial intention was considered as outcome of entrepreneurial competencies. Finally and with regard to the aforementioned components, a conceptual model of entrepreneurial competencies of graduates, with antecedents and outcome was presented. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

18 - A Review of Technological Entrepreneurship in the Field of Nano Technology
Morteza Rastegaran

10.7508/jstpi.2018.03.004

20.1001.1.17355486.1397.14.55.2.5

In today's world, increasing complexity and competition is one of the key features. Today's organizations and companies are active in a complex but dynamic environment, interacting with each other. It can be said that with the increasing growth of technology and the spe More

In today's world, increasing complexity and competition is one of the key features. Today's organizations and companies are active in a complex but dynamic environment, interacting with each other. It can be said that with the increasing growth of technology and the speed of technological growth, companies are forced to use adaptive and innovative strategies to remain competitive, to respond to rapid changes, environmental uncertainty and customer and market needs. Technological entrepreneurship is a new, interdisciplinary and growing field. In this research, first, theories related to the areas of entrepreneurship and technology are explored then a model of technological entrepreneurship is also presented as the "Paradon" model. This model consists of seven components: Technology Entrepreneur, Universities, Companies, Capital, Customers and Market, Government and Consultants. This technological entrepreneurship model can help researchers in future research, as well as governments and sectors that intend to develop and promote technological entrepreneurship. Since, Nanotechnology is one of the sciences that has made remarkable progress in the world and has helped human beings in the production of new products, the technological entrepreneurship in the field of nanotech, and the ways of commercializing and entering the market considering related tools and related activities, such as: branching, licensing, intellectual property, commercial sales and domestic development have been described. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

19 - Identifying and Weighting the Factors Affecting the Role of Science and Technology Parks in Developing the National System of Innovation
saeid shavvalpour majid forouzanmehr Hamideh Heidari Ramsheh Masoumeh Hesari

10.61186/jstpi.20674.19.75.12

20.1001.1.17355486.1402.19.75.1.9

Science and technology parks are one of the most important innovations of innovational policy and have a special place in the development of the innovation system. System Attitude and Convergent Movement in Technology With the aim and thought of creating a new generatio More

Science and technology parks are one of the most important innovations of innovational policy and have a special place in the development of the innovation system. System Attitude and Convergent Movement in Technology With the aim and thought of creating a new generation of universities and the scientific system to go to the system of innovation, for convergence should be formed in the country, and if speaking of an entrepreneurial university, along with it, science parks And technology and growth centers are in the innovation system. In this research, achieving success in strengthening the position of science and technology parks in the development of the national innovation system is a major issue. In this regard, more than one hundred agents in seven policy groups, financing research and innovation, providing knowledge in the innovation process, promoting technology entrepreneurship, disseminating and disseminating technology, developing and enhancing human resources, and producing goods and services , The initial identification is placed. The results indicate that policy indicators, funding for research and innovation, providing the necessary knowledge in the innovation process, and promoting technology entrepreneurship account for nearly 75% of the influential factors. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

20 - Qualitative Identification of Cultural Barriers to Entrepreneurship, Evaluation of Cultural Dimensions and Failure of Entrepreneurs
royae afrassiabi maryam hafezian raziyeh rezayi

10.52547/jstpi.20936.17.67.61

20.1001.1.17355486.1400.17.67.6.4

One of the most important tools for entrepreneurial growth and development is the existence of a culture that supports entrepreneurship. In this study, the cultural barriers of entrepreneurship were identified and the entrepreneurial culture and failure culture in the e More

One of the most important tools for entrepreneurial growth and development is the existence of a culture that supports entrepreneurship. In this study, the cultural barriers of entrepreneurship were identified and the entrepreneurial culture and failure culture in the entrepreneurial society were evaluated. This study was conducted on the basis of qualitative and quantitative mixed research. The statistical population included the entrepreneurs of Khorasan Razavi Technical and Vocational Training Centers, which was determined by the purposeful sampling method of snowballs due to the dispersion of the community. The results of the qualitative section showed that entrepreneurs are facing cultural barriers such as lack of culture of creativity, rejection of failure, negative attitude to risk, distrust of women's empowerment, the existence of patriarchal culture in society and organizations and parental opposition to girls' entrepreneurial activities. Also, the results of the quantitative section showed that the rate of failure in the studied community is very high and entrepreneurs agree to give the failed people a chance again. In general, the analysis of qualitative and quantitative results shows that the cultural subsystem in the entrepreneurial ecosystem is not in a good situation and the existing culture is not supportive of entrepreneurship and even prevents the emergence of entrepreneurship in many cases. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

21 - Identifying And Prioritizing The Factors Affecting The Success Of University Entrepreneurship With Hesitant Fuzzy TOPSIS Approach
ali Morovati elham mofatehzadeh mehrdad kiani

10.52547/jstpi.20963.18.69.1

20.1001.1.17355486.1400.18.69.9.4

Todays, university plays an important role in the knowledge-based economy and the innovation cycle, while it can be considered as a driving force of human knowledge and pursues the growth and excellence of societies. In this field, the entrepreneurial university plays a More

Todays, university plays an important role in the knowledge-based economy and the innovation cycle, while it can be considered as a driving force of human knowledge and pursues the growth and excellence of societies. In this field, the entrepreneurial university plays an important role both as a producer and as a knowledge disseminating institution. The purpose of this study is to identify and prioritize the factors affecting the success of university entrepreneurship. The orientations of this research are a combination of applied and developmental research. The philosophical basis of this research is positivism and in terms of approach, it is inductive. The research strategy is also survey type and in terms of method, it is considered as a quantitative research. The statistical population includes all professors and administrators of Yazd University that using purposive sampling method, 10 people were selected who participated in the prioritization stage of each factor using the hesitant fuzzy TOPSIS technique. The results showed that 33 factors in educational, research, organizational, economic, inter-organizational, cultural and human dimensions, among which the factors of financial and moral support of the government for entrepreneurial activities of universities, the amount of budget allocated by the university for research and development activities, support of senior university administrators for people with ideas, attracting financial support from independent institutions, large companies and external resources, and development of ideas, plans and business models, respectively are most important effective factors are the success of university entrepreneurship. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

22 - Providing Online Shopping Model in the Small and Medium Businesses Online from the Perspective of Entrepreneurs with a Qualitative Approach
mojtaba nasiri hossein vazifehdoost mohammad ali nasimi HOSSEIN Dide Khani

10.52547/jstpi.20973.17.68.11

20.1001.1.17355486.1400.17.68.5.5

Online shopping is one of the new ways of buying and selling in small and medium-sized online non-physical businesses, which is the result of rapid growth and increasing use of computer technology and makes sellers of businesses and buyers communicate much more efficie More

Online shopping is one of the new ways of buying and selling in small and medium-sized online non-physical businesses, which is the result of rapid growth and increasing use of computer technology and makes sellers of businesses and buyers communicate much more efficiently through the Internet and make the exchange process more efficient. The purpose of this study was to provide an online shopping model in the field of small and medium online businesses from the perspective of entrepreneurs using theme analysis method. In order to conduct the research, a qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews with entrepreneurs in the field of small and medium business online has been used. The sample size included a total of 12 people with purposeful sampling logic until theoretical saturation was achieved. Data coding was performed using Max Kyoda software. Findings showed that online shopping model in the field of small and medium businesses online with 9 main themes and 45 sub-themes (website infrastructure factors, marketing factors, online shopping experience, political factors, technology-transportation factors, factors Economic, security and risk, social factors, consumer characteristics) are explained. It is suggested that studies of customers' online shopping behavior be prioritized for small and medium-sized online businesses in order to use its findings in the correct and timely identification of consumer behavioral tastes. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

23 - Designing a Technology Innovation Hub Pattern Using Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) Approach
Ramazan Mahdizadeh parviz saeedi Babak Ziyae Ahmad Mehrabian

10.52547/jstpi.20986.17.66.32

20.1001.1.17355486.1400.17.66.6.2

The Innovation Hub is a unique research and innovation ecosystem. It is a global environment that attracts high quality academic members, researchers, students, innovators and entrepreneurs. Innovation Hub as essential components of knowledge-based economic and social d More

The Innovation Hub is a unique research and innovation ecosystem. It is a global environment that attracts high quality academic members, researchers, students, innovators and entrepreneurs. Innovation Hub as essential components of knowledge-based economic and social development in the innovation ecosystem have been expanding in recent years and have been considered by science and technology policymakers in countries during the growth mechanisms of technology businesses. For the growth of technological innovations in developing countries, it is necessary to have a deeper knowledge and understanding of the processes of innovation development structures in order to achieve the desired effectiveness in implementation and modeling, so the present study seeks to aim at how the Technology Innovation Hub modelis. In this study, a qualitative and quantitative mixed method was used. Researchers identified key factors in creating the innovation hub by library studies and interviews with experts. These factors included six dimensions of network and social interaction, infrastructure and resources, the existence of innovative and knowledge-based companies, institutional factors, team and structure. In this study, using Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) method, the factors affecting the creation of the Technology Innovation Hub were superficially prioritized and the relationships between the factors were calculated. The results showed that the management team factor and the structure with high degree of permeability and low dependence have had the greatest impact on the relationships between the factors. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

24 - Designing a digital entrepreneurship model with an interpretive structural modeling approach
hossein alikhani alireza isfandyari parviz saeedi

10.52547/jstpi.21009.18.70.64

20.1001.1.17355486.1401.18.70.4.5

Entering the age that is common in the information society, entrepreneurship in the digital space as a new approach to starting businesses based on a new thinking and idea has found a prominent place among service and production activists. He was the founder of Mazandar More

Entering the age that is common in the information society, entrepreneurship in the digital space as a new approach to starting businesses based on a new thinking and idea has found a prominent place among service and production activists. He was the founder of Mazandaran province that structural and interpretive modeling method was used in designing this model. The research method was descriptive-correlational. According to the research background,39components were selected in the form of seven dimensions (structural-strategy-management-people-technology-content-environment).Then,the opinions of 20 university professors and managers of knowledge-based companies who were experts in the field of digital entrepreneurship were used. Interpretive structural modeling and MICMAC analysis were used to cluster the dimensions of digital entrepreneurship. ISM results showed that the foundation of digital entrepreneurship is first (structural-technological), second (managerial), third (strategy) and fourth (people-content-environmental). Also, after MICMAC analysis, the dimensions (structural-technology) in the independent cluster and the dimensions (individuals-content-environment) in the dependent cluster and the dimensions (strategy-management) in the autonomous cluster were included. Finally, it can be said that digital entrepreneurship is important not only for technology companies and IT sectors, but also for all industries. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

25 - Analysis of factors affecting the development of entrepreneurship in the oil industry
mohammad panahi nima Ranjijafroodi majid nasiri

10.52547/jstpi.21022.18.70.43

20.1001.1.17355486.1401.18.70.6.7

Many large organizations today use entrepreneurship as a way to gain a long-term competitive advantage. The importance of entrepreneurship in different industries and areas is not the same for governments and some parent industries such as the oil industry have a specia More

Many large organizations today use entrepreneurship as a way to gain a long-term competitive advantage. The importance of entrepreneurship in different industries and areas is not the same for governments and some parent industries such as the oil industry have a special place, so the purpose of this study was to analyze the factors affecting the development of entrepreneurship in the oil industry. This research was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of implementation method, which was performed by mixed exploratory method. In the qualitative stage, the research team consisted of 28 university experts who were selected by judgment and snowball method. In the quantitative stage of the statistical population, all oil industry experts were 3710 people. The sample size according to Krejcie and Morgan table was 348 people and simple random sampling method was used. The Delphi method has been used to identify the factors and the structural equations method with the Smart Payals software has been used to analyze the relationships of the variables. The results showed that the effective factors on entrepreneurship development include 27 components in the form of six dimensions (environmental-institutional, blue ocean strategy, opportunity, human factors, organizational factors, managerial factors). Also, the analysis of structural equations showed that environmental-institutional (0.386), blue ocean strategy (0.423), opportunity (0.342), human factors (0.318), organizational factors (0.370), managerial factors ( 0.455) have a positive and significant effect on the development of entrepreneurship in the oil industry. Finally, it can be said that the entry of entrepreneurship into this industry can save the oil industry from the current inefficiency and lead to solving problems such as oil equipment and oil sales. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

26 - Identify the role of accelerators in the development of the entrepreneurial ecosystem using the open innovation approach
milad bakhsham hosein karimi mahdi hosseinpour

10.61186/jstpi.21034.19.73.26

20.1001.1.17355486.1401.19.73.1.1

Today, a society can move forward and rapidly in the path of development, equipping itself with productive entrepreneurial knowledge and skills by creating the necessary resources to use this valuable capability, other resources of the society to create value and achiev More

Today, a society can move forward and rapidly in the path of development, equipping itself with productive entrepreneurial knowledge and skills by creating the necessary resources to use this valuable capability, other resources of the society to create value and achieve growth and development, Manage and direct. Promoting entrepreneurship requires an ecosystem. The aim of this study is to identify the role of accelerators in the development of entrepreneurial ecosystem using an open innovation approach. The design of this research is qualitative (multiple case study) and is fundamental in terms of research method. Therefore, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 main human resources of Kermanshah accelerator centers, which were selected using judgmental sampling method. In the present study, a two-stage coding method was used to analyze the interview findings. Finally, according to the research findings and coding, the role of business accelerator centers on the development of entrepreneurial ecosystem using an open innovation approach in two parts before the start-up and after the start-up has been identified and studied. The results show that accelerators, by creating a coordinated network between the actors of the startup ecosystem and the entrepreneurial ecosystem and their partners, Creating relationships based on common vertical and horizontal connections between ecosystem actors, Creating value in predetermined partnerships and programs and creating a network of communication between ecosystem actors and networks and companies outside the ecosystem play a role in the development of the entrepreneurial ecosystem. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

27 - Designing a Digital Entrepreneurship Model for Knowledge-Based Companies with Grounded Theory Approach
HOSSEIN Dide Khani Rohollah Alizadeh mohamad sharif sharifzadeh Rohollah samiee,

10.61186/jstpi.21038.19.75.1

20.1001.1.17355486.1402.19.75.2.0

Considering the importance and development of digital entrepreneurship in modern times and the lack of a systematic study of it in Iran, it is essential to design a model for this phenomenon. There is no research on a digital entrepreneurship model in Iranian knowledge- More

Considering the importance and development of digital entrepreneurship in modern times and the lack of a systematic study of it in Iran, it is essential to design a model for this phenomenon. There is no research on a digital entrepreneurship model in Iranian knowledge-based companies. This qualitative fundamental study used the Grounded Theory to design a digital entrepreneurship model. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 13 experts who were selected through purposive and theoretical saturation sampling methods through. Afterward, the data were analyzed using open, axial, and selective coding methods, where a total of 18 concepts were identified. The concepts of knowledge and experience, entrepreneurial mentality, personality traits, organizational agility, and team atmosphere and culture were classified as causal conditions; cultural, economic, technological, and legal factors were classified as underlying conditions yielding economic and social values as outcomes. The final digital entrepreneurship model consisted of a set of core categories, causal conditions, underlying conditions, intervening conditions, strategies, and outcomes. Special attention must be paid to all components of these conditions and factors to realize the ultimate goal of digital entrepreneurship. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

28 - Identifying the effective factors on aging entrepreneurship and providing an interpretive structural model
ali poormandi Mohammad Bagher Gorji Ebrahim Abbasi majid ashrafi

10.52547/jstpi.21040.18.71.61

20.1001.1.17355486.1401.18.71.5.8

Given that Iran is on the path of development and older entrepreneurs have an increasing share in economic activities in developed countries, the category of elderly entrepreneurship can help accelerate the country's development. Therefore, the aim of this study was to More

Given that Iran is on the path of development and older entrepreneurs have an increasing share in economic activities in developed countries, the category of elderly entrepreneurship can help accelerate the country's development. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the factors affecting aging entrepreneurship and model design with an interpretive structural approach. The present research is applied and based on the method, descriptive-correlation. The decision team consisted of 11 senior entrepreneurs and university professors. In the first step, the factors affecting elderly entrepreneurship were identified using in-depth interviews using data-based method, which includes 24 components in eight dimensions (personality traits, entrepreneurial skills, entrepreneurial competence, entrepreneurial motivation, entrepreneurial attitude, cognitive factors, human networks and behavioral characteristics. Are entrepreneurs). In the second step, interpretive structural modeling with Excel software was used to present the model. The results showed that the elderly entrepreneurship model has four levels: human networks in the first level, dimensions (entrepreneurial skills, entrepreneurial competence, entrepreneurial motivation, entrepreneurial attitude and cognitive factors) in the second level, entrepreneurial behavioral characteristics in the third level and personality traits in the fourth level. Are located. Therefore, it can be said that the foundation of aging entrepreneurship is personality traits. Also, MICMAC analysis showed that the dimensions (1-8) are in the independent cluster and the dimension (7) is in the dependent cluster and the dimensions (2-3-4-5-6) are in the link cluster. Findings Research reflects aging entrepreneurship as a process of seizing opportunities by combining resources by human factors in order to create new values. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

29 - Designing a policy model for financing technological entrepreneurship in the early stages of creating a business in Iran
Mohsen Noorali Sorkhani eynollah keshavarz tork Moqtadaalanam Ravanbakhsh,

10.52547/jstpi.27273.18.71.1

20.1001.1.17355486.1401.18.71.6.9

the present study seeks to semantically reconstruct the various dimensions of the model / optimal model of technological entrepreneurship financing policy in the early stages of business creation using the combined approach and the exploratory goal of the field theory a More

the present study seeks to semantically reconstruct the various dimensions of the model / optimal model of technological entrepreneurship financing policy in the early stages of business creation using the combined approach and the exploratory goal of the field theory analysis method in the qualitative section and using the opinions of senior managers. And the professors specializing in this field have examined the existing concepts and interpretations from their point of view and in the quantitative part a questionnaire has been made using the main concepts extracted from the qualitative part in order to generalize and confirm the findings. In this research, first in order to identify financing methods and also the criteria for selecting the appropriate financing method, fuzzy Delphi method is used and then to determine priorities, hierarchical analysis is used and after determining these weights through TOPSIS method to prioritize the option. The issues raised were addressed. The results showed that among the methods of financing the formation of cooperative companies (0.93), receiving facilities with weight (0.87), issuing participation bonds with weight (0.72), creating investment companies (0.60), presence in the stock market (0.33) ), Creating a plan as a shareholder (0.22), and finally attracting foreign capital (0.00001) had the highest and lowest priority among financing methods, respectively. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

30 - Entrepreneurial intelligence: a mediating role in the relationship between CRM and organizational performance
alireza zamanian maryam hafezian mohsen hafezian

10.61186/jstpi.32201.19.76.20

20.1001.1.17355486.1402.19.76.10.0

Customer relationship management is a strategic concept that creates customer loyalty, satisfaction, retention and profitability for the organization. Many studies also emphasize the effect of entrepreneurial intelligence on financial and economic intelligence. In this More

Customer relationship management is a strategic concept that creates customer loyalty, satisfaction, retention and profitability for the organization. Many studies also emphasize the effect of entrepreneurial intelligence on financial and economic intelligence. In this regard, the present study explained the relationship between customer relationship management and entrepreneurial intelligence mediation on the performance of the organization in the managers and employees of the cultural department of Sari Municipality. The present research method is descriptive and in the form of a causal model examined the relationships between variables. The statistical population of the present study is 270 employees of the cultural sector municipality and its affiliated organizations from which 150 questionnaires were collected through random sampling. Data collection tools were the standard Customer Relationship Management Questionnaire (2005), the Kaplan and Norton Organizational Performance Questionnaire (2001) and the Entrepreneurial Entrepreneurship Questionnaire. The method of data collection was field and content validity method was used to validate the questions and Cronbach's alpha method was used to measure the reliability of the variables. Then, the data were analyzed using AMOS software version 24 and structural equation model. Finally, the results confirmed all research hypotheses. Employee entrepreneurial intelligence mediation in the impact of customer relationship management and organizational performance was confirmed and focus on key customers is the most influential component of customer relationship management on organizational performance. Organizational CRM, technology-based CRM and knowledge management came in next. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

31 - Investigating the effect of strategic intelligence on entrepreneurial behavior and organizational development in the university
nima ranji ali pourfalah

Entrepreneurial behavior and organizational development can provide the necessary capacity to respond effectively to environmental requirements and enable the university to be effective through purposeful development of capabilities and competencies of university mana More

Entrepreneurial behavior and organizational development can provide the necessary capacity to respond effectively to environmental requirements and enable the university to be effective through purposeful development of capabilities and competencies of university managers, technology development to achieve continuous technological innovation. In this study, the effect of strategic intelligence on entrepreneurial behavior and organizational development of the university has been investigated. This research is based on the type of applied goal. A questionnaire was used to collect information. The statistical population of this study was university administrators in Guilan province and a sample size of 204 people was obtained through Cochran's formula. The results show that out of 10 hypotheses presented in the research, 6 hypotheses were confirmed. Strategic intelligence and organizational development have a significant effect on the organizational development of Islamic Azad universities in Gilan province. Gender, age, educational experiences and educational levels moderate the relationship between strategic intelligence and organizational development of Islamic Azad universities in Gilan province. But gender, age, educational experiences and educational levels do not moderate the relationship between strategic intelligence and entrepreneurial behavior of Islamic Azad universities in Gilan province. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

32 - Identifying and prioritizing the dimensions of technological entrepreneurship ecosystem in conversion industries of Golestan province by combined fuzzy Delphi and Swara methods
Ali Soukhtanlou abdolghani rastegar Hadi Sanaeepour

10.61186/jstpi.36385.19.76.40

20.1001.1.17355486.1402.19.76.12.2

Economy of Golestan province; It is based on the production of agricultural products; In such a way that the high rank of agricultural production, high share of employment as well as favorable geographical conditions; It has created numerous entrepreneurial opportunitie More

Economy of Golestan province; It is based on the production of agricultural products; In such a way that the high rank of agricultural production, high share of employment as well as favorable geographical conditions; It has created numerous entrepreneurial opportunities in the field of agriculture and conversion industries. Take advantage of these opportunities; It takes place in the context of the entrepreneurial ecosystem, which has been considered by planners and policy makers of entrepreneurship development in recent years. The purpose of this study is identify and prioritize the dimensions of technological entrepreneurship ecosystem in the conversion industries of Golestan province, which was done by a mixed exploratory method in two qualitative and quantitative steps. In the qualitative step of the research, library studies, internet searches and interviews with technological entrepreneurship experts were used, and using the content analysis method; Dimensions of technological entrepreneurship ecosystem were identified. Then, using fuzzy Delphi method in three rounds, the dimensions were evaluated by experts. Dimension prioritization was also done using Swara method. Because any entrepreneurial ecosystem; It has its own dimensions, features and coordinates, so to plan to improve the situation of conversion industries in Golestan province, it was necessary to know the characteristics of the technological entrepreneurship ecosystem in this industry, which based on the research findings; Knowledge-based entrepreneurial structures of science and technology parks; Growth centers and university research centers; Business clusters; Financing; Legal issues and recruitment; Technology transfer and commercialization were identified as the most important dimensions. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

33 - Identifying and Ranking Negotiable Items with Startups from Venture Capitalists' Perspective
Rahi Zandifar DANIAL DANA

10.61186/jstpi.39469.19.76.1

20.1001.1.17355486.1402.19.76.14.4

Venture capital is a tool for funding innovative and knowledge-based companies. The degree of importance that venture capitalists place on negotiable items is one of the challenges associated with this type of investment. Furthermore, investors' flexibility is a crucial More

Venture capital is a tool for funding innovative and knowledge-based companies. The degree of importance that venture capitalists place on negotiable items is one of the challenges associated with this type of investment. Furthermore, investors' flexibility is a crucial component of the VC investment process. The purpose of this research was to identify and rank what venture capitalists consider negotiable with startups. For this purpose, the negotiable items were identified through a literature review and then the validity of the questionnaires was evaluated and approved by experts. Consequently, the data of 26 experts in the field of the venture capital industry in Iran is collected through two questionnaires on a 5-point Likert scale. Reliability was determined using Cronbach's alpha. Therefore, the research method was a descriptive survey based on the nature and data collection, and in terms of purpose, it was a practical development. Finally, the data were analyzed and ranked using multi-criteria decision-making algorithm (Shannon’s entropy and TOPSIS) based on the degree of importance and flexibility attributes. According to the findings of this study, these negotiable items fell into the descending order based on two criteria including importance and flexibility: preferred stock, board control (control rights), pro-rata rights, investment amount, valuation, performance indicator, liquidation preference rights, ownership stake, information rights, vesting, anti-dilution rights, tag-along rights, drag-along rights, option pool, dividends, participation rights, pay to play provisions and redemption rights (repurchase rights). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

34 - Identifying and prioritizing the drivers of entrepreneurship Devalopment in the Sports Industry using the OPA technique
Ali Alvandi maryam rahmaty sayyad emad hosseini

Sports entrepreneurship is one of the types of entrepreneurship that has many direct and indirect economic effects on society. Over the past few years, the world of sports has witnessed changes in sports economic policies, which has highlighted the need for the sports i More

Sports entrepreneurship is one of the types of entrepreneurship that has many direct and indirect economic effects on society. Over the past few years, the world of sports has witnessed changes in sports economic policies, which has highlighted the need for the sports industry to reduce its dependence on government budgets. In this regard, the present study was conducted with the aim of Identifying and prioritizing the drivers of sports entrepreneurship development of sports entrepreneurship in professional clubs of the Premier Football League. This study is a mixed exploratory research that has been presented in the qualitative section using the Theme analysis technique and based on semi-structured interviews with 20 experts; in the quantitative part, then in the quantitative part, in order to prioritize the components of sports entrepreneurship, OPA technique and Lingo software were used. Accordingly, "advertising through the media, online sales, private stadiums, construction of sports complexes, talent development and grassroots teams, construction of non-sports complexes, fans, deputize, making a football documentary; and veterans" were ranked one to ten, respectively. Findings of this study can help the managers of Iranian Premier League clubs to solve the economic problems of the clubs by providing the ground for entrepreneurship development among the clubs of the Premier Football League, in addition to providing various solutions for creating entrepreneurship. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

35 - The Effects of Start-up Visas on the Future of the Innovation Ecosystem and Entrepreneurship of Countries
MohammadAmin Mowla Bahram Salavati

10.52547/jstpi.40808.19.73.35

20.1001.1.17355486.1401.19.73.14.4

During the last decades, the global competition to hunt talent has intensified. Therefore, three is a great competition among new and traditional receiving countries to attract entrepreneurs and skilled migrants who have the considerable ability to create jobs or econom More

During the last decades, the global competition to hunt talent has intensified. Therefore, three is a great competition among new and traditional receiving countries to attract entrepreneurs and skilled migrants who have the considerable ability to create jobs or economic benefits. In this regard, receiving countries through some specific programs like startup visas pave the road for innovative entrepreneurs and startup founders. This paper, reviews what startup visas are, how the countries apply them for attracting entrepreneurs and startups and finally considers the bilateral effects of startup visas on entrepreneurship and innovation ecosystem of countries. Manuscript profile

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